WiMax is similar to the WiFi service found in coffee shops, airports and many homes but more powerful - and able to cover whole cities, in some cases. It promises faster speeds than the latest cellular networks for movies, games and other data services.
"The agreement enables us to get to market faster and reach a broader audience than we could have if we went alone," Dan Hesse, Sprint Nextel's chief executive officer, told analysts during a conference call Wednesday.
A similar partnership fell through last November. This time, however, the duo is getting help from a group of outside investors, including Intel Corp., Google Inc., Comcast Corp., Time Warner Cable Inc. and Bright House Networks, who will kick in $3.2 billion for the new company.
Clearwire will also receive an investment from Trilogy Equity Partners, led by U.S. wireless industry veteran John Stanton.
Overland Park, Kan.-based Sprint Nextel will be majority owner with a 51 percent equity stake. Existing shareholders in Clearwire Corp., a Kirkland, Wash.-based startup founded by cellular pioneer Craig McCaw, will receive a combined stake of about 27 percent. And the investment group will have a 22 percent stake.
Wall Street's reaction was mixed Wednesday, grateful that Sprint Nextel Corp. will be able to focus on its struggling wireless service but worried the deal may have too many moving parts to be successful.
"If new Clearwire manages to avoid the massive channel conflicts it will have with its strategic partners and executes well - both big challenges - it has the potential to create significant competition for incumbent wireless and wireline providers," Oppenheimer & Co. analyst Tim Horan wrote in a research note. "However, it is not entirely clear that this is their strategy."
Shares for Clearwire and Sprint initially surged on the news Wednesday, but Clearwire stock ended down 24 cents at $16.22 while Sprint's fell 3 cents to $9.16.
The new company plans to make its service available to 120 million to 140 million people in the U.S. by the end of 2010, although company officials acknowledged they'll need to raise or borrow up to $2.3 billion more to make that happen. Alternatively, they said they could shrink the size of the network.
For Sprint, which began testing WiMax earlier this year in three markets, the deal eliminates an operational distraction and allows management to return to salvaging its troubled wireless business. It also could quiet critics who consider WiMax experimental and expensive - one estimate had Sprint paying more than $5 billion to rollout the service.
Clearwire already has 400,000 subscribers for its WiMax-like technology. It gets new capital, infrastructure and broadband spectrum out of the deal, plus further validation of its technology.
"We strongly believe that the new Clearwire will be in the best position to succeed in the 4G race," said Clearwire Chief Executive Benjamin Wolff, who will also lead the new company.
Clearwire will sell WiMax services back to Sprint and the cable partners through a "mobile virtual network operator," or MVNO, business model. The cable companies and Clearwire will also receive current-generation wireless service, called 3G, from Sprint Nextel through a separate agreement.
Cable companies Comcast, Time Warner Cable and Bright House want to bundle wireless services with their regular services to slow customer defections to telephone companies that are now offering video services.
A similar partnership of five cable companies and Sprint, called Pivot, collapsed earlier this year. But Hesse said the Clearwire model would do better as it gives the cable partners greater control over branding and rolling out services to the market.
Intel will be able to sell WiMax-enabled computer chips for a wide range of consumer products while Google will help develop future software applications.
Rivals such as AT&T Inc. and Verizon Wireless have eschewed WiMax, opting instead for upgrades to their current wireless broadband networks and for a future technology called Long Term Evolution. But Hesse said WiMax is available now and should give the new company a two-year head start in the so-called "fourth-generation," or 4G, telecommunications market.
Analysts with Deutsche Bank Securities were skeptical, however, warning that while Clearwire's network would be an option for up to 140 million people by 2010, its competitors already reach 230 million potential subscribers.
The deal, which has been approved by the boards of all companies involved, must be approved by Clearwire shareholders and regulatory agencies, but is expected to close during the fourth quarter. The company will apply for a Nasdaq listing under the ticker "CLWR" - the current symbol for Clearwire.
---
Associated Press Business Writer Michelle Chapman in New York
contributed to this story.
