Andrea Lawton, 47, was sentenced to six years in federal prison on Monday.
She pleaded guilty in December to interstate transportation of stolen property for allegedly fleeing with the bust to Alabama in August.
The bust is 224 years old and was sculpted during Franklin's lifetime, investigators said.
The owner has claimed the bust, which was broken when authorities recovered it, is worth about $3 million.
Lawton had been working for a housekeeper when she first saw the bust, investigators said, and later came back with an accomplice to steal it along with other valuables.
In addition to the time in prison, Lawton was also ordered to three years of supervised release and a $100 special assessment.
Restitution will be ordered pending completion of repairs by a conservator to restore the bust.
