It happened just before 4:30 p.m. Thursday at 22nd and Dickinson streets in Point Breeze.
Police say the woman was shot in her side.
She was taken to Jefferson University Hospital, but her condition has not been released.
The Action Cam on the scene showed a bullet hole in the windshield of a vehicle parked outside the nail salon.
Police have not said if they know who fired the shot.
No arrests have been announced at this time.