He was allegedly part of a group of thieves who broke into Urban Tactical Firearms in Marlton on February 26.
Police say they were able to identify the 15-year-old as a suspect by evidence recovered from the stolen vehicle used in the crime.
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Authorities have also tied the 15-year-old to a series of smoke store burglaries in New Jersey.
Investigators continue to search for more suspects and two of the five stolen guns.