In response to court orders in the case, the White House disclosed that it has located nearly 3,500 pages of documents about problems with its e-mail system. But the Bush administration argued that the office's records are not subject to public disclosure, even though it had responded to hundreds of other FOIA requests in the past decade.
A lower court sided with the Bush administration last June, and Tuesday's opinion upheld that order.
"We conclude that the Office of Administration is not (subject to FOIA requests) because it performs only operational and administrative tasks in support of the president and his staff and therefore, under our precedent, lacks substantial independent authority," the three-judge panel said in its opinion.
The unanimous decision was made by Judges David Sentelle, A. Raymond Randolph and Thomas Griffith. All were Republican appointees - Sentelle by Ronald Reagan, Randolf by President George H.W. Bush and Griffith by his son, President George W. Bush.
The case was argued before the judges in November, before President Barack Obama took office. But the Obama administration is siding with the previous administration in trying to kill another lawsuit that seeks to recover any missing e-mails.
During its first term, the Bush White House failed to install electronic record-keeping for e-mail when it switched to a new system, resulting in millions of messages that could not be found. The Bush White House discovered the problem in 2005 and rejected a proposed solution.
The Bush White House eventually said that it located 14 million e-mails that were misplaced and that the White House had restored hundreds of thousands of other e-mails from computer backup tapes. But two groups - Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington and the National Security Archive - filed a lawsuit against the Executive Office of the President in February arguing that large amounts of e-mail may still be missing, and that the government must undertake an extensive recovery effort.
The groups expressed disappointment that Obama's Justice Department asked that the suit be dismissed after Obama promised greater transparency in government.
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