Dougherty claims that she was abused by the Reverend Leonard Mackiewicz in 1966, when she was 13, and that he also abused nine other children.
Mackiewicz, who was removed from the ministry in 1987 and died in 1994, is among 20 diocesan priests with substantiated allegations of child sexual abuse.
Bob Krebs, a spokesman for the diocese, declined to comment on the lawsuit.