While "The King's Speech" star Firth was among best-actor nominees, "The Fighter" star Mark Wahlberg missed out in that category. His co-stars Bale, Amy Adams and Melissa Leo all earned supporting nominations, along with Bonham Carter and Geoffrey Rush for "The King's Speech."
Firth and Bale have emerged as front-runners this Academy Awards season.
Other nominees include best-actress favorites Annette Bening for the lesbian-family tale "The Kids Are All Right" and Natalie Portman for the psychosexual thriller "Black Swan." They are up against Nicole Kidman for the grieving-parent drama "Rabbit Hole"; Jennifer Lawrence for the Ozarks crime yarn "Winter's Bone"; and Hilary Swank for the legal saga "Conviction."
Along with Firth, best-actor nominees are Jeff Bridges for the Western "True Grit"; Robert Duvall for the backwoods romp "Get Low"; Jesse Eisenberg for the Facebook drama "The Social Network"; and James Franco for the survival story "127 Hours."
"The Fighter" and "The King's Speech" are competing for SAG's overall cast performance prize, along with "Black Swan," "The Kids Are All Right" and "The Social Network."