Fire Department spokesman Erik Scott says firefighters responded to reports of a disturbance at Men's Central Jail at around 5 p.m. Wednesday.
County sheriff's Capt. Mike Parker says four inmates began fighting, leading to a brawl that divided 78 inmates in a housing pod along racial lines.
Deputies used pepper spray and sting balls to quell the fight, which lasted about 15 minutes.
The inmates who were taken to the hospital suffered minor to moderate injuries. Some others were treated for exposure to pepper spray.
Parker did not have immediate details on what triggered the fight.